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Communicable Diseases

Factors Responsible for Transmission of Chandipura Encephalitis Virus (CHPV)

Chandipura encephalitis virus (CHP) transmission involves the following factors: A) Availability of Vector (Infected arthropod)B) Viral Maintenance in VectorsC) ReservoirsD) Favorable environmental conditionsE) Personal protection Vector Species and Epidemiological Background 75 species of Phlebotomus sandfly genera, Phlebotomus (Old World sandflies), Sergentomyia (Old World sandflies, mostly 45–50 non-vector species), and Lutzomyia (New World sandfly vector) are […]

  • krushna
  • January 14, 2026
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  • 122 Views
Communicable Diseases

Key Structure Of Chandipura Encephalitis Virus (CHPV)

Definition: Chandipura virus is an enveloped, single-stranded, negative-sense RNA virus belonging to the family Rhabdoviridae and genus Vesiculovirus. Characterized by bullet-shaped particles, 150-160 nm long and 50-60 nm wide, showing distinct surface projections 9-11 nm in size and a stain-filled canal at the base of the virus particles. Its key structure & genome features include: […]

  • krushna
  • January 8, 2026
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  • 143 Views
Communicable Diseases

History of Chandipura Encephalitis Virus

Introduction to Chandipura Encephalitis Virus The Chandipura encephalitis virus, often associated with Chandipura encephalitis, has its origins traced to 1965, when it was first isolated from the blood of two febrile adults in Chandipura village, Nagpur district, Maharashtra, India. It belongs to the Rhabdoviridae family, genus Vesiculovirus, and is closely related to vesicular stomatitis virus. […]

  • krushna
  • January 6, 2026
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  • 140 Views
Communicable Diseases

Clinical Signs and Symptoms of JEV

Japanese encephalitis (JEV) Virus Infection Japanese encephalitis (JEV) virus infection typically progresses through several clinical stages with a range of signs and symptoms: Incubation Period Usually 5 to 15 days after a mosquito bite, most infected people are asymptomatic. Prodromal Phase Nonspecific flu-like symptoms appear, such as sudden high fever, headache, malaise, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, […]

  • krushna
  • January 5, 2026
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  • 155 Views
Communicable Diseases

Prevention and Control Measures of JEV

Key factors involved in Japanese encephalitis virus transmission The transmission of the Japanese encephalitis virus depends on four key factors: 1) Amplifying hosts Amplifying hosts: Amplifying hosts, such as pigs, play a critical role by supporting high levels of virus replication and shedding it in large quantities through their blood, facilitating its spread to feeding […]

  • krushna
  • January 5, 2026
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  • 148 Views
Communicable Diseases

Japanese encephalitis vector in India

Japanese encephalitis virus isolation has been made from a variety of mosquito species in India; they mainly belong to the Culicine mosquitoes. Specifically, the Vishnui subgroup are the chief vectors of JE in different parts of the world. The primary vectors identified include Primary Culex vectors of Japanese encephalitis Other mosquito vectors and potential vectors […]

  • krushna
  • January 5, 2026
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  • 128 Views
Japanese Encephalitis Virus
Communicable Diseases

Key Structure of Japanese Encephalitis Virus

Overview of Japanese Encephalitis Virus Structure The Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is a positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus (~11 kb genome) belonging to the Flaviviridae family, with an enveloped icosahedral structure. Genome Organization of Japanese Encephalitis Virus The genome encodes a single polyprotein (capsid C, precursor membrane prM/M, and envelope E) and seven non-structural proteins (NS1, […]

  • krushna
  • December 29, 2025
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  • 148 Views
Communicable Diseases

Life Cycle of Japanese Encephalitis Virus

Overview of Japanese Encephalitis Virus Life Cycle The life cycle of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) follows a zoonotic transmission cycle primarily involving mosquitoes as vectors, amplifying hosts like pigs, and reservoir hosts such as wading birds. Humans are the incidental dead-end hosts due to low viremia levels insufficient for mosquito transmission. Key Components of the […]

  • krushna
  • December 29, 2025
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  • 185 Views
Communicable Diseases

An Ancient History of Japanese Encephalitis Fever

Def:- JEV is an enveloped, single-stranded, positive-sense RNA virus that belongs to the genus Flavivirus (group-B arbovirus) within the family Flaviviridae. It is primarily transmitted to humans by the infective bite of Culex Vishnoi group mosquitoes, with pigs, horses, and water birds acting as important reservoir hosts. JEV causes inflammation of the brain (encephalitis) and […]

  • krushna
  • December 22, 2025
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  • 162 Views
Sign and symptoms of chikungunya fever
Communicable Diseases

Sign and symptoms of chikungunya fever

Chikungunya fever typically begins abruptly 3-7 days after the bite of an infected female Aedes mosquito with the following key signs and symptoms: Rare but serious complications can include uveitis, retinitis, myocarditis, hepatitis, nephritis, and neurological complications like meningoencephalitis, Guillain-Barré syndrome, and cranial nerve palsies.  Severe disease and complications are more common in neonates (infected around […]

  • krushna
  • December 19, 2025
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  • 152 Views

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